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Pandemiology Watch (October 1-7, 2025)

Our latest report covers data from October 1-7, 2025. This update provides an overview of communicable diseases, highlighting key trends, emerging outbreaks, and notable developments. We have included direct links to the sources referenced, allowing for deeper insight.
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    Ebola

    Democratic Republic of the Congo

    According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo appears to be under control, with no new confirmed or probable cases reported as of October 5, 2025. One death of a 3-week-old infant was reported among hospitalized patients.

    Since the start of the outbreak, 64 cases (53 confirmed, 11 probable) and 43 deaths (32 confirmed, 11 probable) have been reported. Five healthcare workers have been infected, with three fatalities.

     

    MPOX

    Africa

    Sierra Leone: The latest update from the World Health Organization shows 5,345 confirmed mpox cases as of September 28, a surge of 37 cases since September 21. The Africa CDC last reported on September 30 that the outbreak was linked to clade 2b. No newer data have been released. Among confirmed cases, 6.5% were in children under 15 years and 51% in males, with a 78% positivity rate.

    Uganda: As of September 28, 2025, Uganda reported 6,815 confirmed mpox cases, according to the World Health Organization. This is an increase of 78 cases since September 21. 

    Guinea: As of September 28, 2025, The World Health Organization has reported 1,038 cases in 2025 and one death in Guinea. This is an increase of 62 cases since September 21. 

      

    MEASLES

    U.S.

    As of October 7, 2025, no new updates have been reported for measles in the U.S. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the latest data from October 1 showed a total of 1,544 confirmed cases in 2025, with 12% requiring hospitalization (191 cases) and three deaths reported.

    According to the Minnesota Department of Health, on October 1, 2025, 10 new measles cases were confirmed, bringing the state’s total for 2025 to 18. The cases primarily affect children in the Somali community.

    Canada.

    As of September 29, 2025, Canada has reported 5,024 measles cases where 70% occurred in children, according to the Public Health Agency of Canada. Ontario accounts for 47% of the cases, followed by Alberta with 38%. 88% were unvaccinated, and 7 % required hospitalization. Genotype D8 remains the most frequently detected strain. 1 death has been reported. 

    According to Global News on October 2, a premature infant in Alberta, Canada, has died from measles after being infected in utero by an unvaccinated mother. The outbreak in Alberta has resulted in nearly 2,000 confirmed cases and more than 150 hospitalizations, showing the severity of the outbreak.

     

    H5N1

    U.S.

    On October 8, 2025, the California Department of Public Health confirmed two human cases of H5N1 avian influenza in individuals who had contact with infected dairy cattle. Both experienced mild symptoms, including eye redness (conjunctivitis), and neither required hospitalization.

     

    POLIO

    As of October 1, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative reports poliovirus detections in Africa, including one cVDPV2-positive environmental sample in Benin and three cVDPV2 cases with two cVDPV2-positive environmental samples in Nigeria. In Pakistan, three WPV1 cases have been reported, and Papua New Guinea detected 16 cVDPV2-positive environmental samples.